atomic physics

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this course enables you to know all the info about atomic physics , x ray production

This course discusses topics necessary for the student to gain an understanding of the fundamental building blocks of matter. The concepts studied are related to the structure and properties of both the atom and the nucleus. A range of current applications are discussed in order to clarify and support the theories. A series of compulsory practical exercises are undertaken to demonstrate the principles involved.

The study of atoms and molecules has played a major role in the development of physics and in the development of our understanding of the structures of matter as it is encountered in everyday life. The course outline as: 1. Comparing between atomic emission spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy; Optical spectroscopy, Atomic spectrum, 2. Atomic emission / absorption spectrophotometry Molecular spectroscopy, 3. Theory of magnetic energy, Anomalous Zeeman’s effect and Lande splitting factor. 4. Molecular Spectra of diatomic molecules Vibrational and Rotational energy levels. 5. Basic Laser principles, Laser behavior, Properties of laser radiations, Different types of lasers, Laser spectroscopy, Laser applications

The structure of atoms and how light interacts with them is responsible for the appearance of the visible world. The small scale of atoms and the properties of nuclei and electrons required a new kind of mechanics to describe their behaviour. Quantum Mechanics was developed in order to explain such phenomena as the spectra of light emitted or absorbed by atoms. So far you have studied the physics of hydrogen and helium as illustrations of how to apply Quantum Theory. There was a time, a few seconds after the Big Bang, when the Universe consisted only of hydrogen and helium nucleii. It took another 300,000 years for atoms, as such, to form. Things, however, have moved on and the universe is now a much more interesting place with heavier and more complicated atoms. Our aim is now to understand Atomic Physics, not just to illustrate the mathematics of Quantum Mechanics. This is both interesting and important, for Atomic Physics is the foundation for a wide range of basic science and practical technology. The structure and properties of atoms are the basis of Chemistry, and hence of Biology. Atomic Physics underlies the study of Astrophysics and Solid State Physics. It has led to important applications in medicine, communications, lasers etc, as well as still providing a testing ground for Quantum Theory and its derivatives, Quantum Electrodynamics. We have learned most about atoms from the light absorbed or emitted when they change their internal state. So that is a good place to begin.

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